Pallet labels and SSCC-18: the GS1 logistic label explained
An SSCC (Serial Shipping Container Code) is an 18-digit GS1 number that identifies one logistic unit, such as a pallet, for its whole journey. It is printed as a GS1-128 barcode with Application Identifier (00). GS1 puts pallet barcodes 400 to 800 mm (16 to 32 in) above the base, on two adjacent sides.
A pallet label tells every carrier, warehouse and retailer what the pallet is and where it is going. In retail and distribution, that label is almost always a GS1 logistic label built around one number: the SSCC, or Serial Shipping Container Code. This guide explains the SSCC, how to calculate its check digit, what goes on the label, and where to put it.
What an SSCC is
An SSCC is an 18-digit number that uniquely identifies one logistic unit: a pallet, a roll cage, a parcel or any other package made up for transport and storage. GS1, the organization that manages retail barcode standards, defines it.
The SSCC connects the physical pallet to the data about it. The shipper sends an advance ship notice (in North America usually an EDI 856) listing each SSCC and what is on that pallet. The receiver scans the pallet label and knows the contents without opening the load. That is why many retailers require it.
SSCC structure
| Position | Part | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Extension digit | 0 to 9, chosen by the company to extend the serial range |
| 2 onward | GS1 Company Prefix | Licensed from a GS1 member organization; the length depends on the license |
| Next digits | Serial reference | Assigned by the company, unique per unit |
| 18 | Check digit | Calculated from the first 17 digits |
The company prefix and serial reference together always make 16 digits. A longer prefix leaves fewer digits for serials.
In the barcode and human-readable text, the SSCC is preceded by the Application Identifier (00), which tells the scanner that an SSCC follows.
How to calculate the SSCC check digit
GS1 uses the same modulo 10 method for SSCCs as for GTINs.
- Take the first 17 digits.
- Starting from the rightmost digit, multiply alternately by 3 and 1 (rightmost × 3, next × 1, and so on).
- Add the results.
- The check digit is the number that brings the sum up to the next multiple of 10 (0 if the sum is already a multiple of 10).
Example using GS1's commonly used example prefix 0614141, extension digit 0 and serial reference 123456789:
- First 17 digits: 0 0614141 123456789
- Weighted sum: 140
- Check digit: 0
- SSCC: (00) 0 0614141 123456789 0
Label software and most warehouse systems calculate the check digit automatically.
Never reuse an SSCC for a different pallet. GS1 rules say an SSCC must not be reallocated within one year of shipment, and some sectors require longer.
The GS1 logistic label layout
The GS1 logistic label is organized in blocks, usually from top to bottom:
| Section | Contents |
|---|---|
| Free-format (top) | Shipper and receiver names and addresses, logos, carrier information |
| Text | Human-readable data with titles, such as SSCC, content GTIN, count, batch or lot, best-before date |
| Barcode (bottom) | GS1-128 barcodes, with the SSCC barcode at the bottom |
Common data carried in addition to the SSCC:
| Data | Application Identifier | When used |
|---|---|---|
| SSCC | (00) | Always |
| GTIN of contained trade items | (02) with count (37) | Homogeneous pallets of one product |
| Batch or lot | (10) | Traceability |
| Best-before date | (15) | Food and other dated goods |
| Ship-to postal code | (420) | Carrier sortation |
The exact label content often depends on the customer. Retailers publish label specifications in their vendor guides. The mixed pallets guide covers labels on mixed loads, where the pallet label identifies the pallet and each case carries its own GTIN.
Label size
| Label | Size | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| A6 | 105 × 148 mm (about 4.1 × 5.8 in) | SSCC only |
| 4 × 6 in | 102 × 152 mm | Common thermal label size in North America |
| A5 | 148 × 210 mm (about 5.8 × 8.3 in) | SSCC plus trade item data |
| 6 × 8 in | 152 × 203 mm | North American equivalent with more data |
Print with a thermal transfer or direct thermal printer. Direct thermal labels fade with heat and light, so use thermal transfer for long storage or outdoor exposure. Barcode size and quality (X-dimension, bar height and print grade) should meet the GS1 General Specifications.
Where to place a pallet label
GS1 guidance for pallets:
- Height: barcode between 400 mm and 800 mm (16 and 32 in) above the base of the pallet. For pallets under 400 mm tall, place it as high as possible while protecting it.
- Edge distance: the barcode, including its quiet zones, at least 50 mm (2 in) from any vertical edge.
- Sides: two labels with identical data on two adjacent sides, so one is always visible whether the pallet is stored on its long or short face.
- Over the wrap: apply labels on the outside of the stretch wrap, or wrap with clear film that scanners can read through. Do not cover labels with printed or opaque film. Labels applied to film on a cold or dusty load can peel, so press them firmly and use an adhesive rated for the conditions, such as a freezer-grade adhesive for frozen goods.
Some retailers specify exact positions, such as the right-hand side of a particular face. The customer's requirement takes precedence.
Carrier labels, GS1 labels and placards
A pallet can carry several labels, each for a different reader:
| Label | Who reads it | Content |
|---|---|---|
| GS1 logistic label | Receiver's warehouse system | SSCC, and often product, count, batch and dates |
| Carrier or LTL label | Carrier terminals | PRO number, BOL number, consignee, piece count |
| Customer-specific label | Retailer's distribution center | PO, department, store or DC number, as the vendor guide requires |
| Handling marks | Everyone | "Do not stack", "This side up", fragile |
| Hazmat marks and labels | Carriers and responders | As required by hazardous materials regulations |
Keep them apart so no label covers another, and keep the GS1 barcode clear of other barcodes so scanners read the right one.
Multi-pallet shipments
Every pallet in a shipment gets its own SSCC, even if the pallets are identical. The ASN lists each SSCC under the shipment, and the bill of lading shows the number of handling units. If pallets are double stacked or banded together as one unit for transport, check with the customer whether they want one SSCC per pallet or per stacked unit; most want one per pallet because pallets are separated at receiving.
Pallet labels vs pallet markings
The logistic label identifies the load. It is not the same as the marks burned or stamped into the pallet itself, such as the ISPM 15 heat-treatment stamp, EPAL marks or pool ownership branding. See pallet stamps and markings.
Common label problems
- Label on the wrong side or under opaque film, so scanners at the dock cannot see it.
- Duplicate SSCCs, usually from resetting a serial counter.
- Label and ASN disagree, so the receiver's system rejects the pallet.
- Poor print quality, often from worn printheads or the wrong ribbon.
- Too low, where forklift tines and pallet jacks scrape the label off.
Getting started
- License a GS1 Company Prefix from your local GS1 organization.
- Set up label software or your warehouse system to assign SSCCs and calculate check digits.
- Get the label specification from each customer, including required data and position.
- Test-print and verify barcodes before the first shipment.
- Send ASNs that match the labels.
Labels work best on stable, square loads with flat faces. See stretch wrapping pallets and shipping pallets LTL.
Frequently asked questions
What is an SSCC-18 number?
An 18-digit Serial Shipping Container Code: an extension digit, your GS1 Company Prefix, a serial reference you assign, and a check digit. Each pallet or other logistic unit gets its own SSCC, which is never reused for another unit for at least one year.
Is an SSCC label the same as a UCC-128 label?
Mostly. UCC-128 is the older name for the GS1-128 barcode symbology, and many retailers still call the pallet label a UCC-128 label. The number it carries is the SSCC with Application Identifier (00).
Where do you put a label on a pallet?
GS1 guidance places the barcode between 400 and 800 mm (16 and 32 in) above the base of the pallet, at least 50 mm (2 in) from any vertical edge, and recommends the same label on two adjacent sides. For pallets under 400 mm tall, place it as high as possible.
Do I need to buy barcodes to make SSCC labels?
You need a GS1 Company Prefix, licensed from your local GS1 member organization, to create valid SSCCs. The prefix is also used for GTIN product barcodes.
What size is a pallet label?
GS1 suggests A6 (105 × 148 mm) for an SSCC-only label and A5 (148 × 210 mm) when trade item data is added. In North America, 4 × 6 in and 6 × 8 in labels are common. Check your customer's requirements.
Sources and references
Related
- GlossarySSCC (Serial Shipping Container Code)The SSCC (Serial Shipping Container Code) is an 18-digit GS1 identification number that uniquely identifies one logistics unit, such as a loaded pallet. It is encoded in a GS1-128 barcode on the pallet label with Application Identifier (00) and linked to the shipment's advance ship notice.
- GlossaryGS1GS1 is a global, not-for-profit standards organization that issues company prefixes and maintains the identification and barcode standards used in supply chains, including GTINs for products, the SSCC for logistics units such as pallets, and the GS1-128 barcode.
- GuidesShipping pallets LTL: how to prepare, measure and ship a palletLTL (less than truckload) moves one or a few pallets on a shared trailer, priced by weight, distance and freight class. Build a square, wrapped load on a sound four-way pallet, measure its real size and weight including the pallet, declare the right class on the bill of lading, and book accessorials in advance.
- GuidesMixed pallets: how to build and label a mixed-SKU palletA mixed pallet carries more than one product (SKU). Build it like a wall: heaviest, strongest and squarest cases at the bottom, light and fragile cases on top, each layer flat, voids filled, and liquids low. Label the pallet with one SSCC and list every product in the advance ship notice.
- GuidesAmazon FBA pallet requirements: size, height, weight, wrap and labelsAmazon FBA calls for 40 × 48 in (1016 × 1219 mm) four-way pallets, at most 72 in (183 cm) tall including the pallet and 1,500 lb (680 kg), in clear stretch wrap with box labels facing out. GMA Grade B or better wood and four pallet labels are widely reported rules. Confirm in Seller Central.
- GuidesWalmart pallet requirements: supplier DCs and Walmart Fulfillment ServicesWalmart's supplier standards require 48 × 40 in (1219 × 1016 mm) four-way Grade A pallets: stringer pallets with 7 top and 5 bottom boards on 3 stringers (2,100 lb loaded), 9-block pallets (2,800 lb) or approved pooled pallets. Loads max 96 in (244 cm), no overhang. WFS has its own rules.
- GuidesPallet stamps and markings: HT, MB, DB, KD and what they meanMost wood pallet stamps are the ISPM 15 mark: IPPC wheat symbol, country code, facility number and treatment code. HT means heat-treated, DH dielectric heating, MB methyl bromide, SF sulfuryl fluoride. DB (debarked) and KD (kiln-dried) are older or separate marks. For reuse, pick HT and avoid MB.
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Last reviewed 2026-09-24. 1,330 words.